Does this do what you want?
use_module(library(apply)).
find_in_term(Functor, Within, FoundArgs) :-
Within =.. [Functor|FoundArgs].
find_in_term(Functor, Within, FoundArgs) :-
Within =.. [_|WithinArgs],
convlist(find_in_term(Functor), WithinArgs, FoundArgsList),
member(FoundArgs, FoundArgsList).