LEM is not even derivable from RAA in intuitionistic logic.
Proof via provers.
- RAA is the classical double negation elimination rule that allows the derivation of the conditional in the following proof given by Michel Levy’s Prover :
1 assume --A.
2 A. Raa 1
3 therefore --A => A. =>I 1,2
- It is provable via fCube that LEM is not derivable from RAA:
true
Input Formula:
F ((~~a => a) => (~a | a))
Sign Permanence tried,input formula equivalent to:
F ((~~a => a) => (~a | a));
F->,Main SWFF: F ((~~a => a) => (a | ~a))
T (~~a => a);
F (a | ~a);
Main SWFF: F (a | ~a)
F a;
F ~a;
T (~~a => a);
F non,Main SWFF: F ~a
T a;
Found a backtacking point:
F ~a;
T (~~a => a);
F a;
Right branch of T->not,Main SWFF: T (~~a => a)
T a;
F 1;
Left branch of T->not,Main SWFF: T (~~a => a)
FC a;
1 search result = unprovable (fCube-4.1)
*** The Counter Model (see also the prolog term ) ***
-- root --
-- end world --
F a;
-- end world --
T a;
-- end world --
FC a;
-- end world --
*** Prolog term of the countermodel ***
[[swff(F,a),[swff(T,a)],[swff(FC,a)]]]
631.0 msec.